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Is New Bail Law Under Preparation? Supreme Court Asks Centre
LIVELAW NEWS NETWORK
23 Feb 2024 10:13 AM IST
The Supreme Court has asked the Union of India to inform whether it is contemplating to introduce a new Bail Law as per the recommendation made by the Court in its 2022 judgment in Satender Kumar Antil v. Central Bureau of Investigation.A bench comprising Justices MM Sundresh and SVN Bhatti, while ascertaining compliance of the directions in Satender Kumar Antil, stated in its recent order...
The Supreme Court has asked the Union of India to inform whether it is contemplating to introduce a new Bail Law as per the recommendation made by the Court in its 2022 judgment in Satender Kumar Antil v. Central Bureau of Investigation.
A bench comprising Justices MM Sundresh and SVN Bhatti, while ascertaining compliance of the directions in Satender Kumar Antil, stated in its recent order "
"In terms of the direction contained in para 100.1, the Union is directed to inform the Court as to whether any Bail Law is in contemplation or under preparation."
The bench has further directed the Union to inform the Court as to whether any assessment has been done to ascertain the requirement of creating further Special Courts (CBI) in districts with high pendency of cases, with requisite data.
The Court also directed the Union to inform the Court as to whether or not the investigative agencies (other than CBI) under its ambit are following the directions laid down in Satender Kumar Antil to avoid unnecessary arrests.
In the 2022 judgment in Satender Kumar Antil, a bench comprising Justices Sanjay Kishan Kaul (since retired) and MM Sundresh recommended the Union Government to introduce a special enactment in the nature of a "Bail Act" to streamline the grant of bail.
In this regard, the Court referred to the Bail Act in United Kingdom.
The bench also passed a slew of directions to ensure compliance of proper procedure for arrest and setting time limit for disposal of bail pleas.
"The Bail Act of United Kingdom takes into consideration various factors. It is an attempt to have a comprehensive law dealing with bails by following a simple procedure. The Act takes into consideration clogging of the prisons with the undertrial prisoners, cases involving the issuance of warrants, granting of bail both before and after conviction, exercise of the power by the investigating agency and the court, violation of the bail conditions, execution of bond and sureties on the unassailable principle of presumption and right to get bail. Exceptions have been carved out as mentioned in Schedule I dealing with different contingencies and factors including the nature and continuity of offence. They also include Special Acts as well. We believe there is a pressing need for a similar enactment in our country. We do not wish to say anything beyond the observation made, except to call on the Government of India to consider the introduction of an Act specifically meant for granting of bail as done in various other countries like the United Kingdom. Our belief is also for the reason that the Code as it exists to day is a continuation of the preindependence one with its modifications. We hope and trust that the Government of India would look into the suggestion made in right earnest".
Directions issued
The Court issued a slew of directions as follows :
a) The Government of India may consider the introduction of a separate enactment in the nature of a Bail Act so as to streamline the grant of bails.
b) The investigating agencies and their officers are duty-bound to comply with the mandate of Section 41 and 41A of the Code and the directions issued by this Court in Arnesh Kumar (supra). Any dereliction on their part has to be brought to the notice of the higher authorities by the court
c)The courts will have to satisfy themselves on the compliance of Section 41 and 41A of the Code. Any non-compliance would entitle the accused for grant of bail
d) All the State Governments and the Union Territories are directed to facilitate standing orders for the procedure to be followed under Section 41 and 41A of the Code while taking note of the order of the High Court of Delhi dated 07.02.2018 in Writ Petition (C) No. 7608 of 2018 and the standing order issued by the Delhi Police i.e. Standing Order No. 109 of 2020, to comply with the mandate of Section 41A of the Code.
e) There need not be any insistence of a bail application while considering the application under Section 88, 170, 204 and 209 of the Code.
f)There needs to be a strict compliance of the mandate laid down in the judgment of this court in Siddharth(in which it was held that investigating officer need not arrest each and every accused at the time of filing chargesheet).
g) The State and Central Governments will have to comply with the directions issued by this Court from time to time with respect to constitution of special courts. The High Court in consultation with the State Governments will have to undertake an exercise on the need for the special courts. The vacancies in the position of Presiding Officers of the special courts will have to be filled up expeditiously.
h) The High Courts are directed to undertake the exercise of finding out the undertrial prisoners who are not able to comply with the bail conditions. After doing so, appropriate action will have to be taken in light of Section 440 of the Code, facilitating the release.
i) While insisting upon sureties the mandate of Section 440 of the Code has to be kept in mind.
j) An exercise will have to be done in a similar manner to comply with the mandate of Section 436A of the Code both at the district judiciary level and the High Court as earlier directed by this Court in Bhim Singh (supra), followed by appropriate orders.
k) Bail applications ought to be disposed of within a period of two weeks except if the provisions mandate otherwise, with the exception being anintervening application. Applications for anticipatory bail are expected to be disposed of within a period of six weeks with the exception of any intervening application.
l) All State Governments, Union Territories and High Courts are directed to file affidavits/ status reports within a period of four months.
In its latest order dated February 13, 2024, the Court has sought affidavits of compliance from States and High Courts regarding the directions issued in the July 2022 judgment.
Case Title : Satender Kumar Antil v. Central Bureau of Investigation
Citation : 2024 LiveLaw (SC) 151
